The duration of transmission of radio waves or microwaves.
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GROUND ABSORPTION
The dissipation of energy in radio waves because of absorption by the ground over which the waves are transmitted.
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GROUND ABSORPTION
The dissipation of energy in radio waves because of absorption by the ground over which the waves are transmitted.
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HYDROLANT
A radio message disseminated by the National Imagery and Mapping Agency and restricted to important marine incidents or navigational changes which affect navigational safety. The HYDROLANT broadcast covers those water areas outside and eastward of NAVAREA IV in the Atlantic Ocean. HYDROLANTS constitute part of the U.S. long range radio navigational warning system. The text of HYDROLANTS issued during a week which are in effect are available through NAVINFONET and are printed in the weekly Notice to Mariners.
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HOP
Travel of a radio wave to the ionosphere and back to earth. The number of hops a radio signal has experienced is usually designated by the expression one-hop, two-hop, multihop, etc
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HYDROPAC
A radio message disseminated by the National Imagery and mapping Agency and restricted to important marine incidents or navigational changes which affect navigational safety. The HYDROPAC broadcast covers those water areas outside of NAVAREA XII in the Pacific Ocean. HYDROPACS constitute part of the U.S. long range radio navigational warning system. The text of HYDROPACS issued during a week which is in effect are available through NAVINFONET and are printed in the weekly Notice to Mariners.
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MULTIPATH ERROR
Interference between radio waves which have traveled between the transmitter and the receiver by two paths of different lengths, which may cause fading or phase changes at the receiving point due to the vector addition of the signals, making it difficult to obtain accurate information.
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MULTIPATH ERROR
Interference between radio waves which have traveled between the transmitter and the receiver by two paths of different lengths, which may cause fading or phase changes at the receiving point due to the vector addition of the signals, making it difficult to obtain accurate information.
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INCINERATION AREA
An officially designated offshore area for the burning of chemical waste by specially equipped vessels. The depiction of incineration areas on charts (in conjunction with radio warnings) is necessary to insure that passing vessels do not mistake the burning of waste for a vessel on fire.
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INFRARED
Having a frequency immediately beyond the red end of the visible spectrum; rays of longer wavelength than visible light, but shorter than radio waves.
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INDIRECT WAVE
A radio wave which reaches a given reception point by a path from the transmitting point other than the direct line path between the two. An example is the SKYWAVE received after reflection from one of the layers of the ionosphere.
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