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Acetylation of cellulose (wood pulp or cotton linters) with acetic acid or acetic anhydride and sulfuric acid catalyst to make cellulose acetate resin or fiber.
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Related Terms |
PHOSPHORIC ACID POLYMERIZATION
A petroleum-refinery process using phosphoric acid catalyst to convert propylene, butylene, or both, into high-octane gasoline or petrochemical polymers.
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OSTWALD PROCESS
An industrial preparation of nitric acid by the oxidation of ammonia; the oxidation takes place in successive stages to nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, and nitric acid; a catalyst of platinum gauze is used and high temperatures are needed.
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HF AKYLATION
Petroleum refinery alkylation process in which olefins (C3, C4, C5) are reacted with isobutane in the presence of hydrofluoric acid catalyst.
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ACID ATTACK
Caused by an incomplete flushing after an acid cleaning process of boilers or similar equipment.
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BASE
A material which neutralizes acids. An oil additive containing colloidally dispersed metal carbonate, used to reduce corrosive wear.
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BASICITY
The ability of a substance to boost the pH after neutralizing all the acid species.
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TOTAL BASE NUMBER (TBN)
The quantity of acid, expressed in terms of the equivalent number of milligrams of potassium hydroxide that is required to neutralize all basic constituents present in 1 gram of sample. (ASTM Designation D 974.) .
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HYDROGEN CYCLE
A complete course of cation-exchange operation in which the adsorbent is employed in the hydrogen or free acid form.
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PHENOLPHTHALEIN ALKALINITY
A measure of the hydroxide ions plus one half of the normal carbonate ions in aqueous suspension. Measured by the amount of sulphuric acid required to bring the water to a ph value or 8.3, as indicated by a change in colour of phenolphthalein.
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ACID CLEANING
The process of cleaning the interior surfaces of steam-generating units by filling the unit with a dilute acid accompanied by an inhibitor to prevent corrosion and by subsequently draining, washing, and neutralizing the acid by a further wash of alkaline water.
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