Semiconductor in which one type of impurity or imperfection (for example, donor) partially cancels the electrical effects on the other type of impurity or imperfection (for example, acceptor).
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SOFTENING
The act of reducing scale-forming calcium and magnesium impurities from water.
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MANGANESE
A metallic element occasionally found in very small amounts as an impurity in well-water supplies.
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TOTAL SOLIDS CONCENTRATION
The weight of dissolved and suspended impurities in a unit weight of boiler water, usually expressed as ppm.
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SULPHUR
An element, symbol S, yellow in appearance. Considered as a combustible impurity in coal.
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ALLOY JUNCTION
A junction produced by alloying one or more impurity metals to a semiconductor to form a p or n region, depending on the impurity used. Also known as fused junction.
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DOPING AGENT
An impurity element added to semiconductor materials used in crystal diodes and transistors. Also known as dopant; dope.
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DOPED JUNCTION
A junction produced by adding an impurity to the melt during growing of a semiconductor crystal.
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EXTRINSIC DETECTOR
A semiconductor detector of electromagnetic radiation that is doped with an electrical impurity and utilizes transitions of charge carriers from impurity states in the band gap to nearby energy bands.
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HOLE TRAP
A semiconductor impurity capable of releasing electrons to the conduction or valence bands, equivalent to trapping a hole.
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MICROALLOY TRANSISTOR
1. A transistor in which the emitter and collector electrodes are formed by etching depressions, then electroplating and alloying a thin film of the impurity metal to the semiconductor wafer, somewhat as in a an electrode with a microscopic tip dimension that may be placed adjacent to or inside a cell for the purpose of recording the electric potentials of single cells, passing electrical currents, or injecting electrically charged substances into the cell. 2. In physical chemistry, a minute electrode used to perform electrolysis of small quantities of material.
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