Occurs when oxygen attacks petroleum fluids. The process is accelerated by heat, light, metal catalysts and the presence of water, acids, or solid contaminants. It leads to increased viscosity and deposit formation.
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ALKALINE BOIL-OUT
Employed to remove oil and grease deposits from heating surfaces.
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BULK CARGO
Cargo such as oil, coal, ore, woodchips, etc. not shipped in bags or containers
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FILTER ELEMENT
The porous device that performs the actual process of filtration. Also known as Cartridge
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HYDROFINISHING
A process for treating raw extracted base stocks with hydrogen to saturate them for improved stability.
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OILING SPLASH SYSTEM
Method of lubricating moving parts by agitating or splashing oil in the crankcase.
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ACID ATTACK
Caused by an incomplete flushing after an acid cleaning process of boilers or similar equipment.
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EMULSIFIER
Additive that promotes the formation of a stable mixture, or emulsion, of oil and water. Common emulsifiers are: metallic soaps, certain animal and vegetable oils, and various polar compounds.
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ABSORPTION
The assimilation of one material into another; in petroleum refining, the use of an absorptive liquid to selectively remove components from a process stream.
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CLOUD POINT
The temperature at which waxy crystals in an oil or fuel form a cloudy appearance.
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CORROSION INHIBITOR
Additive for protecting lubricated metal surfaces against chemical attack by water or other contaminants. There are several types of corrosion inhibitors. Polar compounds wet the metal surface preferentially, protecting it with a film of oil. Other compounds may absorb water by incorporating it in a water-in-oil emulsion so that only the oil touches the metal surface. Another type of corrosion inhibitor combines chemically with the metal to present a non- reactive surface.
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