|
A noncatalytic, petroleum-refinery process charging C3 and C4 gases with naphtha or gas oil at high temperature to produce high-quality gasoline and fuel oil; mostly replaced by catalytic reforming; the prodTesting and Materials analysis of paraffins (P), olefins (O), naphthenes (N), and aromatics (A) in gasolines.
|
Related Terms |
ASPHYXIANT
These gases have limited toxic side effects but can be dangerous if present in sufficient quantities so as to exclude oxygen. |
ABSOLUTE VAPOUR DENSITY
The mass of a unit volume of gas under stated conditions of temperature and pressure. |
MOLLIER DIAGRAM
A graphic method of representing the heat quantities contained in, and the conditions of, a liquefied gas (or refrigerant) at different temperatures. |
PNEUMATIC DRILLING
Drilling a hole when using air or gas in lieu of conventional drilling fluid as the circulating medium; an adaptation of rotary drilling.
|
PLASMA TORCH
A torch in which temperatures as high as 50,000 C are achieved by injecting a plasma gas tangentially into an electric arc formed between electrodes in a chamber; the resulting vortex of hot gases emerges at very high speed through a hole in the negative electrode, to form a jet for welding, spraying of molten metal, and cutting of hard rock or hard metals.
|
PILOT LIGHT
A small, constantly burning flame used to ignite a gas burner.
|
PIEZOMETER
1. An instrument for measuring fluid pressure, such as a gage attached to a pipe containing a gas or liquid. 2. An instrument for measuring the compressibility of materials, such as a vessel that determines the change in volume of a substance in response to hydrostatic pressure.
|
PERMANENT GAS
A gas at a pressure and temperature far from its liquid state.
|
PERFORMANCE CHART
Graphical representations showing the abilities of rotating equipment at various operating conditions; for example, the performance curve for a compressor would include rotor speed for various intake and outlet pressures versus gas flow rate adjusted for temperature, density, viscosity, head, and other factors.
|
LIQUID-SEALED METER
A type of positive displacement meter for gas flows consisting of a cylindrical chamber that is more than half filled with water and divided into four rotating compartments formed by trailing vanes; gas entering through the center shaft into one compartment after another forces rotation that allows the gas then to exhaust out the top as it is displaced by the water. Also known as drum meter.
|
