A magnetic compass of which the bowl mounting the compass card is completely filled with liquid. Nearly all modern magnetic compasses are of this type. An older liquid compass using a solution of alcohol and water is sometimes called a SPIRIT COMPASS. Also called WET COMPASS.
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HYDROMETER
An instrument for determining either the specific gravity of a liquid or the API gravity.
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ARMATURE DEMAGNETIZATION
The reduction in the effective magnetic lines of force, produced by the armature current.
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ABSORPTION
The assimilation of one material into another; in petroleum refining, the use of an absorptive liquid to selectively remove components from a process stream.
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CORROSION INHIBITOR
Additive for protecting lubricated metal surfaces against chemical attack by water or other contaminants. There are several types of corrosion inhibitors. Polar compounds wet the metal surface preferentially, protecting it with a film of oil. Other compounds may absorb water by incorporating it in a water-in-oil emulsion so that only the oil touches the metal surface. Another type of corrosion inhibitor combines chemically with the metal to present a non- reactive surface.
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AERATION
The state of air being suspended in a liquid such as a lubricant or hydraulic fluid.
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DEMULSIBILITY
The ability of a fluid that is insoluble in water to separate from water with which it may be mixed in the form of an emulsion.
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AIR GAP
The space between magnetic poles, or between the rotating and stationary assemblies in a motor or generator.
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HALF-TIDE BASIN
A lock of very large size and usually of irregular shape, the gates of which are kept open for several hours after high tide so that vessels may enter as long as there is sufficient depth over the sill. Vessels remain in the half-tide basin until the ensuing flood tide before they may pass through the gate to the inner harbor. If entry to the inner harbor is required before this time, water must be admitted to the half-tide basin from some external source.
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HALVING
The process of adjusting magnetic compass correctors so as to remove half of the deviation on the opposite cardinal or adjacent intercardinal headings to those on which adjustment was originally made when all deviation was removed. This is done to equalize the error on opposite headings.
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HEELING MAGNET
A permanent magnet placed vertically in a tube under the center of a marine magnetic compass, to correct for heeling error.
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